Jan 23 In Class Notes

Coding Topics

Intro

Low level language- closer to what chip and computer understand (C++)

High level language- easier to understand (arduino)

ASCII number system- ex. A=41

Storing Data

bit

• either 0 or 1 (binary)

byte

• 8 bits
• [][][][][][][][]
• 8 spots, each spot is 1 or 0
• ex. 01101101
• range is 0-255 (256 possible)

How we store information of any kind

Variables and Datatypes

• bool- true or false
• byte- unsigned, no + or -, (0-255)
• char- signed (-127 … 127)
• int- integer, signed word (-32k … 32k)
• signed long- good for storing time (0-4M)
• float- has decimal places, floating numbers (least efficient, try to avoid & work around floats, arduino doesnt know and you will need other program)

Bit Chart

4 - nibble 8 - byte

16 - word (0 ~ 65,000) 32 - long

32 - float 64 - double long

Stay in realm of 8 bits, same as micro controller

-Actual chip does addition, subtraction, multiplication, but not division (x .5 rather than divide by 2)

“cont”-variable that doesn’t change

How To Declare Vlaue

“byte sensorValue=0;”

Functions

“name()” parenthesis = function

-there are functions that just do something

• “ind = random();”
• store in here = “run this function ();”

AND

-functions that just give something back

• “void” doesn’t return anything

-; (semicolon) at end of statement

Variety in Functions

-some don’t need info, just ()

-some need parameters (#,#) (upper, lower)

-while others optional

Scope of Variables

Global

• can access anytime
• often at beggining for reference throughout
• ex. “byte sensorValue = 0”

Local

• only used in function
• within function brakets “{ and }”

If, Then, Else Statement

AKA Boolean Expression

ex. “if (age > 16)”

• age is the variable

Longer Boolean

“if (age > 16 && age < 55)”

• “&&” and
• “l l” or
• ”==” compare

“else {“

• (otherwise)

-Also called “conditional”

-Be sure to define functions and variables